A framework for understanding sexual violence: Incentive-motivation and hierarchical control / Frederick TOATES ; Wineke SMID ; Jan VAN DER BERG in Aggression and Violent Behavior, Vol.34 (May 2017)

Public ISBD [article]  inAggression and Violent Behavior > Vol.34 (May 2017) . - pp. 238-253 Titre : A framework for understanding sexual violence: Incentive-motivation and hierarchical control Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Frederick TOATES, Auteur ; Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER BERG, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 238-253 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE DOPAMINE PSYCHOBIOLOGIE Mots-clés : Modèle incitation-motivation Résumé : The article applies an incentive-motivation model to sexual violence. It suggests that insights can be gained by looking at the biopsychological processes that underlie ‘conventional behavior’. It argues that sexual violence, as in rape, arises from a fusion between (i) sexual motivation and (ii) sensation-seeking and varying strengths of dominance/aggression motivations. The excitatory part of the motivational system is rooted in brain dopamine and sexual violence is expressed in behavior when excitation exceeds inhibition. The assumptions are framed within the principle of the hierarchical control of behavior. The incentive-motivation and hierarchical framework can yield insights into such phenomena as planning and impulsivity, future discounting, habituation and escalation, violence as addiction, the role of fetishes, sexual fantasy, stress, drugs and brain development. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté/ERIOS Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17201 [article] A framework for understanding sexual violence: Incentive-motivation and hierarchical control [document électronique] / Frederick TOATES, Auteur ; Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Jan VAN DER BERG, Auteur . - 2017 . - pp. 238-253. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Aggression and Violent Behavior > Vol.34 (May 2017) . - pp. 238-253 Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE DOPAMINE PSYCHOBIOLOGIE Mots-clés : Modèle incitation-motivation Résumé : The article applies an incentive-motivation model to sexual violence. It suggests that insights can be gained by looking at the biopsychological processes that underlie ‘conventional behavior’. It argues that sexual violence, as in rape, arises from a fusion between (i) sexual motivation and (ii) sensation-seeking and varying strengths of dominance/aggression motivations. The excitatory part of the motivational system is rooted in brain dopamine and sexual violence is expressed in behavior when excitation exceeds inhibition. The assumptions are framed within the principle of the hierarchical control of behavior. The incentive-motivation and hierarchical framework can yield insights into such phenomena as planning and impulsivity, future discounting, habituation and escalation, violence as addiction, the role of fetishes, sexual fantasy, stress, drugs and brain development. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté/ERIOS Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=17201

Mixed Emotions: An Incentive Motivational Model of Sexual Deviance / Wineke SMID ; Edwin C WEVER in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, In Press (Online First)

Public ISBD [article]  inSexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > In Press (Online First) Titre : Mixed Emotions: An Incentive Motivational Model of Sexual Deviance Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Edwin C WEVER, Auteur Année de publication : 2099 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE EMOTION ETIOLOGIE EXCITATION INHIBITION PARAPHILIE PSYCHOTHERAPIE THERAPIE COGNITIVE THERAPIE COMPORTEMENTALE VIOL Index. décimale : VS.421 Psychothérapie cognitive et comportementale de l'Auteur de Violence Sexuelle Résumé : Sexual offending behavior is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. Most existing etiological models describe sexual offending behavior as a variant of offending behavior and mostly include factors referring to disinhibition and sexual deviance. In this article, we argue that there is additional value in describing sexual offending behavior as sexual behavior in terms of an incentive model of sexual motivation. The model describes sexual arousal as an emotion, triggered by a competent stimulus signaling potential reward, and comparable to other emotions coupled with strong bodily reactions. Consequently, we describe sexual offending behavior in terms of this new model with emphasis on the development of deviant sexual interests and preferences. Summarized, the model states that because sexual arousal itself is an emotion, there is a bidirectional relationship between sexual self-regulation and emotional self-regulation. Not only can sex be used to regulate emotional states (i.e., sexual coping), emotions can also be used, consciously or automatically, to regulate sexual arousal (i.e., sexual deviance). Preliminary support for the model is drawn from studies in the field of sex offender research as well as sexology and motivation research. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté/ERIOS Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18366 [article] Mixed Emotions: An Incentive Motivational Model of Sexual Deviance [document électronique] / Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Edwin C WEVER, Auteur . - 2099. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > In Press (Online First) Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE EMOTION ETIOLOGIE EXCITATION INHIBITION PARAPHILIE PSYCHOTHERAPIE THERAPIE COGNITIVE THERAPIE COMPORTEMENTALE VIOL Index. décimale : VS.421 Psychothérapie cognitive et comportementale de l'Auteur de Violence Sexuelle Résumé : Sexual offending behavior is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. Most existing etiological models describe sexual offending behavior as a variant of offending behavior and mostly include factors referring to disinhibition and sexual deviance. In this article, we argue that there is additional value in describing sexual offending behavior as sexual behavior in terms of an incentive model of sexual motivation. The model describes sexual arousal as an emotion, triggered by a competent stimulus signaling potential reward, and comparable to other emotions coupled with strong bodily reactions. Consequently, we describe sexual offending behavior in terms of this new model with emphasis on the development of deviant sexual interests and preferences. Summarized, the model states that because sexual arousal itself is an emotion, there is a bidirectional relationship between sexual self-regulation and emotional self-regulation. Not only can sex be used to regulate emotional states (i.e., sexual coping), emotions can also be used, consciously or automatically, to regulate sexual arousal (i.e., sexual deviance). Preliminary support for the model is drawn from studies in the field of sex offender research as well as sexology and motivation research. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté/ERIOS Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=18366

Prioritizing Child Pornography Notifications : Predicting Direct Victimization / Wineke SMID ; Klaartje SCHEPERS ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS ; Sabine (van) LINDEN ; Sarah BARTLING in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, Vol.27 - N°4 (August 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inSexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > Vol.27 - N°4 (August 2015) . - pp. 398-413 Titre : Prioritizing Child Pornography Notifications : Predicting Direct Victimization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Klaartje SCHEPERS, Auteur ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS, Auteur ; Sabine (van) LINDEN, Auteur ; Sarah BARTLING, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp. 398-413 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Agresseur sexuel  Dangerosité  Pédopornographie  Risque Résumé : The growing number of notifications for child pornography (CP) possession constitutes a capacity problem for police forces entrusted with the investigation of these offenses. Notifications of CP offenses in which the investigation reveals concurrent direct victimization, in the form of contact offenses, grooming, online offending, or the production of CP material, form a potential target group for prioritization. The first of the twofold aims of this study was to validate the occurring distinction between mixed suspects (i.e., CP possession suspects who were also ever associated with direct victimization) and CP-only suspects (i.e., CP possession suspects who were never associated with direct victimization) to predict an outcome of the investigation including direct victimization. The second aim was to explore variables related to direct victimization among CP-only suspects. A total of 150 files of police investigations into notifications for CP offenses were studied. Findings confirmed significantly greater prevalence of direct victimization as an outcome of the investigation among mixed suspects than CP-only suspects (90% vs. 10%). Among CP-only suspects, direct victimization was predicted by (a) prior police contacts, charges, or convictions concerning noncontact sexual offending, (b) the confiscation of more than two computers during the house search, and (c) a more serious nature of the CP material that formed the basis for the notification in terms of younger victims and more extreme content. These variables may point to a small subgroup of heavily invested CP offenders who are at a higher risk to cross the line to direct victimization. Cross-validation of these preliminary findings is indicated. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6220 [article] Prioritizing Child Pornography Notifications : Predicting Direct Victimization [texte imprimé] / Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Klaartje SCHEPERS, Auteur ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS, Auteur ; Sabine (van) LINDEN, Auteur ; Sarah BARTLING, Auteur . - 2015 . - pp. 398-413. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > Vol.27 - N°4 (August 2015) . - pp. 398-413 Mots-clés : Agresseur sexuel  Dangerosité  Pédopornographie  Risque Résumé : The growing number of notifications for child pornography (CP) possession constitutes a capacity problem for police forces entrusted with the investigation of these offenses. Notifications of CP offenses in which the investigation reveals concurrent direct victimization, in the form of contact offenses, grooming, online offending, or the production of CP material, form a potential target group for prioritization. The first of the twofold aims of this study was to validate the occurring distinction between mixed suspects (i.e., CP possession suspects who were also ever associated with direct victimization) and CP-only suspects (i.e., CP possession suspects who were never associated with direct victimization) to predict an outcome of the investigation including direct victimization. The second aim was to explore variables related to direct victimization among CP-only suspects. A total of 150 files of police investigations into notifications for CP offenses were studied. Findings confirmed significantly greater prevalence of direct victimization as an outcome of the investigation among mixed suspects than CP-only suspects (90% vs. 10%). Among CP-only suspects, direct victimization was predicted by (a) prior police contacts, charges, or convictions concerning noncontact sexual offending, (b) the confiscation of more than two computers during the house search, and (c) a more serious nature of the CP material that formed the basis for the notification in terms of younger victims and more extreme content. These variables may point to a small subgroup of heavily invested CP offenders who are at a higher risk to cross the line to direct victimization. Cross-validation of these preliminary findings is indicated. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=6220

Proxy Measures of Sexual Deviancy / Wineke SMID ; Daan (van) BEEK ; Jelle TROELSTRA

Public ISBD in International Perspective on the Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offenders / Douglas Pieter BOER ; Reinhard EHER ; Leam A. CRAIG ; Michael H. MINER ; Friedemann PFÄFFLIN Titre : Proxy Measures of Sexual Deviancy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Daan (van) BEEK, Auteur ; Jelle TROELSTRA, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Importance : pp. 171-191 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE DIAGNOSTIC PARAPHILIE PENIS PHALLUS VIOL Note de contenu : Plan du chapitre : * Introduction * DSM-IV-TR paraphilia diagnoses - Lack of specific diagnosis for interest in rape - Lack of reliability - Behavioral criterion - Predictive value for sexual recidivism * Alternatives - Who? - What for? - How? * The nature of deviant sexual interest: unusual versus illegal - The role of unusual but legal sexual interests * The degree of deviant sexuel interest: any interest versus exclusive preference - Some deviant sexual interest - Marked deviant sexual interests - Deviant sexual preference and exclusive preference - The level of sexual interest in general: hypersexual desire * Summarizing on sexual deviance * Proxy measures of sexual deviance * Self-report measures - Questionnaires - Card sort - Polygraph assited self-report * Risk assessment instruements - Structured clinical judgment - Actuarial items * Implicit measures * Penile plethysmography * Viewing-time measures * Implicit Association Task, IAT * Experimental proxy measures for sexual deviance * Conclusions * References Type de document CRIAVS : Chapitre Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=16283 in International Perspective on the Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offenders / Douglas Pieter BOER ; Reinhard EHER ; Leam A. CRAIG ; Michael H. MINER ; Friedemann PFÄFFLIN Proxy Measures of Sexual Deviancy [texte imprimé] / Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Daan (van) BEEK, Auteur ; Jelle TROELSTRA, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 171-191. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE DIAGNOSTIC PARAPHILIE PENIS PHALLUS VIOL Note de contenu : Plan du chapitre : * Introduction * DSM-IV-TR paraphilia diagnoses - Lack of specific diagnosis for interest in rape - Lack of reliability - Behavioral criterion - Predictive value for sexual recidivism * Alternatives - Who? - What for? - How? * The nature of deviant sexual interest: unusual versus illegal - The role of unusual but legal sexual interests * The degree of deviant sexuel interest: any interest versus exclusive preference - Some deviant sexual interest - Marked deviant sexual interests - Deviant sexual preference and exclusive preference - The level of sexual interest in general: hypersexual desire * Summarizing on sexual deviance * Proxy measures of sexual deviance * Self-report measures - Questionnaires - Card sort - Polygraph assited self-report * Risk assessment instruements - Structured clinical judgment - Actuarial items * Implicit measures * Penile plethysmography * Viewing-time measures * Implicit Association Task, IAT * Experimental proxy measures for sexual deviance * Conclusions * References Type de document CRIAVS : Chapitre Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=16283

A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of High-Intensity Inpatient Sex Offender Treatment in the Netherlands / Wineke SMID ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS ; Edwin C WEVER ; Daan (van) BEEK in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, Vol.28 - N°5 (August 2016)

Public ISBD [article]  inSexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > Vol.28 - N°5 (August 2016) Titre : A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of High-Intensity Inpatient Sex Offender Treatment in the Netherlands Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS, Auteur ; Edwin C WEVER, Auteur ; Daan (van) BEEK, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE ECHELLE D'EVALUATION EFFICACITE EVALUATION RECIDIVE LEGALE RISQUE TRAITEMENT Résumé : The current study quasi-experimentally assessed the outcome of high-intensity inpatient sex offender treatment in the Netherlands in terms of sexual and violent (including sexual) recidivism. It was hypothesized that treated sex offenders would show lower recidivism rates than untreated sex offenders of the same risk level. In line with the risk principle of the Risk, Need, Responsivity (RNR) model, we predicted that this would especially hold true for offenders of higher risk levels. The study sample consisted of 25% of all convicted Dutch sex offenders not referred to any form of treatment and discharged from prison between 1996 and 2002, and all convicted Dutch sex offenders referred to inpatient treatment who were discharged between 1996 and 2002. Static-99R risk levels of these 266 offenders were retrospectively assessed and survival curves regarding sexual and violent (including sexual) recidivism were compared between treated and untreated offenders, controlling for level of risk. Mean follow-up was 148.0 months (SD = 29.6) and the base rate of sexual recidivism was 15.0% and 38.4% for violent (including sexual) recidivism. Cox regression survival analyses showed marginally significant lower failure rates regarding sexual recidivism for treated high-risk offenders only, and significantly lower failure rates regarding violent (including sexual recidivism) for treated sex offenders of moderate-high and high-risk levels. No treatment effects for low and low-moderate risk offenders were found. Results underscore the risk principle of the RNR model: Treatment is more effective when its dosage is attuned to risk level. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=16633 [article] A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of High-Intensity Inpatient Sex Offender Treatment in the Netherlands [texte imprimé] / Wineke SMID, Auteur ; Jan Henk KAMPHUIS, Auteur ; Edwin C WEVER, Auteur ; Daan (van) BEEK, Auteur . - 2016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment > Vol.28 - N°5 (August 2016) Catégories : AGRESSION SEXUELLE AUTEUR DE VIOLENCE SEXUELLE ECHELLE D'EVALUATION EFFICACITE EVALUATION RECIDIVE LEGALE RISQUE TRAITEMENT Résumé : The current study quasi-experimentally assessed the outcome of high-intensity inpatient sex offender treatment in the Netherlands in terms of sexual and violent (including sexual) recidivism. It was hypothesized that treated sex offenders would show lower recidivism rates than untreated sex offenders of the same risk level. In line with the risk principle of the Risk, Need, Responsivity (RNR) model, we predicted that this would especially hold true for offenders of higher risk levels. The study sample consisted of 25% of all convicted Dutch sex offenders not referred to any form of treatment and discharged from prison between 1996 and 2002, and all convicted Dutch sex offenders referred to inpatient treatment who were discharged between 1996 and 2002. Static-99R risk levels of these 266 offenders were retrospectively assessed and survival curves regarding sexual and violent (including sexual) recidivism were compared between treated and untreated offenders, controlling for level of risk. Mean follow-up was 148.0 months (SD = 29.6) and the base rate of sexual recidivism was 15.0% and 38.4% for violent (including sexual) recidivism. Cox regression survival analyses showed marginally significant lower failure rates regarding sexual recidivism for treated high-risk offenders only, and significantly lower failure rates regarding violent (including sexual recidivism) for treated sex offenders of moderate-high and high-risk levels. No treatment effects for low and low-moderate risk offenders were found. Results underscore the risk principle of the RNR model: Treatment is more effective when its dosage is attuned to risk level. [Résumé d'éditeur] Article disponible : CRIAVS Franche Comté Type de document CRIAVS : Article Permalink : https://theseas.reseaudoc.org/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=16633

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